The Brief

Brazil's presidential election is headed to a runoff after no candidate won a majority in Sunday's first round. Sen. Flávio Bolsonaro, son of jailed former President Jair Bolsonaro and an ally of U.S. President Trump, outperformed polling expectations against incumbent Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and is seen by analysts as the favorite heading into the second round.

Lula is reworking his campaign strategy ahead of the Oct. 25 runoff as Bolsonaro works to broaden his support, in a contest that Washington and Beijing are both watching closely, given Brazil's role as a major global supplier of oil, soybeans and critical minerals.

A worker at a Siberian plague research institute in Russia fell ill and died, with unconfirmed early reports suggesting possible exposure to plague bacteria during a lab incident. Russian officials have downplayed the death, saying she died of "pneumonia of unknown origin," and have not publicly identified the infection.

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said Washington is "watching closely," and President Trump said the U.S. is ready to help Russia respond to the outbreak. Russian authorities have quarantined a hospital and are monitoring roughly 200 contacts of the lab worker, while urging the public to trust their assurances about the lab's safety.

Israeli investigators believe the FlyDubai co-pilot who tried to crash a Boeing 737 Max flying from Dubai to Tel Aviv last week acted as a "lone wolf," intending to crash the plane into Israel's Ben Gurion International Airport, according to people familiar with the investigation. Passengers and another pilot subdued the co-pilot and righted the plane after it had plunged roughly 14,000 feet.

Israeli sources say Israel was prepared to shoot the plane down under a long-practiced protocol had the cockpit standoff not been resolved. Passengers who rushed the cockpit have since publicly described the ordeal, detailing how they helped subdue the co-pilot. Separately, the UAE has acknowledged sharing details about the flight, including the pilots' names and nationalities, with Israel ahead of the incident, raising questions about security lapses.

Yemen's government forces have launched what the president called an "all-out war" to reclaim remaining territory held by Houthi rebels, declaring a "battle for liberation."

The offensive comes amid an exchange of strikes between the Houthis and the Saudi-led coalition. Yemen's military said Monday it had "secured" the key Red Sea waterway near the Bab al-Mandeb strait, though Saudi-backed forces gave conflicting reports on whether they had also seized the nearby port city of Mokha. Government forces say they have also recaptured the town of Dhubab and are pushing toward the Houthi-held capital, Sanaa, though officials caution a full defeat of the Houthis remains a major challenge. Separately, Turkiye, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia's 'Mecca Alliance' agreed to activate collective deterrence measures, including a possible joint military deployment, in response to Houthi attacks. The territorial claims could not be independently verified.

Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez called early elections Monday after his government suffered a legislative defeat last week on emergency measures meant to address the country's housing crisis.

The move follows nationwide outrage over the eviction of an 87-year-old woman, which has become a rallying point for protesters demanding action on housing costs and has put Sánchez's progressive government under mounting pressure.

France is preparing for a nationwide day of protests in support of students demanding greater investment in education, after a wave of demonstrations last week left some protesters injured and led to mass arrests.

A teenager lost a hand after picking up a grenade during the unrest, according to CBS News, underscoring the volatility of protests that have disrupted classes at hundreds of schools.